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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on June 23, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2009 66(9):1942-1958; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp167
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© Authors: Stéphane Plourde, Pierre Pepin, Erica J. H. Head for the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Government of Canada 2009

Long-term seasonal and spatial patterns in mortality and survival of Calanus finmarchicus across the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Programme region, Northwest Atlantic

Stéphane Plourde1, Pierre Pepin2 and Erica J. H. Head3

1 Institute Maurice-Lamontagne, PO Box 1000, Mont-Joli, QC, Canada G5H 3Z4
2 North West Atlantic Fisheries Centre, PO Box 5667, St John's, NL, Canada A1C 5X1
3 Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, Dartmouth, NS, Canada B2Y 4A2

Correspondence to S. Plourde: tel: +1 418 775 0676; fax: +1 418 775 0546; e-mail: stephane.plourde{at}dfo-mpo.gc.ca.

Plourde, S., Pepin, P., and Head, E. J. H. 2009. Long-term seasonal and spatial patterns in mortality and survival of Calanus finmarchicus across the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Programme region, Northwest Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1942–1958.

The vertical life table method was used to estimate stage-specific daily mortality rates and survival from 1999 to 2006 for Calanus finmarchicus sampled in the Canadian Atlantic Zone Monitoring Programme, which covers the Newfoundland–Labrador Shelf (NLS), Gulf of St Lawrence (GSL), and Scotian Shelf (SS). Stage-specific mortality rates and survival showed significant regional and seasonal differences, with the largest signal associated with variations in temperature. Density-dependent mortality, associated with the abundance of C6 females, was the main factor influencing mortality in the egg–C1 transition during the period of population growth in spring on the SS, and in summer in the GSL and on the NLS. In autumn, mortality in egg–C1 was positively related to temperature and negatively related to phytoplankton biomass, with particularly high mortality rates on the SS. The integration of our results into stage-specific recruitment rates from egg to C5 revealed that C. finmarchicus populations experience their greatest loss (mortality) during the egg–C1 transition. Loss during development to C1 was greater in the GSL than in the other regions during the period of population growth, resulting in lower recruitment success in the GSL. In autumn, C. finmarchicus showed low stage-specific daily recruitment rates on the SS at high temperatures, and low phytoplankton biomass compared with those in the GSL and on the NLS. Our findings reinforce the necessity of describing regional and seasonal patterns in mortality and survival to understand factors controlling the population dynamics of C. finmarchicus.

Keywords: Calanus finmarchicus, density-dependence, mortality, Northwest Atlantic, stage-dependence, survival, vertical life table

Received 8 January 2009; accepted 15 May 2009; advance access publication 23 June 2009.


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